Novel On Feminism A Dolls House English Literature Essay Example

Novel On Feminism A Dolls House English Literature Paper In the nineteenth century, the general public was man centric, overwhelmed by work powers, and grown-up females were denied all things considered. The general public was developed and led in a way that grown-up females were entirely subject to work powers in every single social space familial, otherworldly, political, monetary, cultural, legitimate and imaginative. This is the foundation, wherein Henrick Ibsen s dramatization A DOLL S HOUSE , is composed. Ibsen was roused to create this dramatization by an existent occurrence that happened to his companion, Laura Petersen Kieler, a Norse columnist of whom he was extremely friendly of. Ibsen made a female supporter, Nora, who, non just neglects her hubby and children, yet adjacent to come out of customary and ordinary picture of grown-up females, interferences all the guidelines and confinements of conventional and hardened society, which do nt let for the grown-up females s opportunity and self-satisfaction. This kind of dramatizatio n was completly new at that clasp and female supporter, Nora turns into the image and trailblazer of the build of, New Women or Modern Women . This research paper will demo the situation of grown-up females in the general public. It will other than epitomize how A DOLL S HOUSE is a women's activist show, Ibsen s fight with Feminism and the outgrowth of New Women or Modern Women . In spite of the fact that, Feminism as a scholarly sort came in 1960s however we can follow its start with the distribution of Mary Wallstonecraft s A Vindication of the Rigths of Women in 1792 AD. At that cut, it was in beginning time and known as the Women s Rights Movement . This movement was for grown-up females s cultural correspondence rights in that abusive man centric culture. The representative society was inhibitory and harsh against anything which compromised its place of intensity. The political and strict self-governance were kept at the foundation and monetary opportunity turned into the persuasive forcefor a man in light of the fact that in that representative society, it gave a spot position and one time it was accomplished, the jussive state of mind was to help it. In this way a common single turns into a watchman of his position and source of his ain human qualities. Torvard Helmer, the male supporter of the show, has acknowledged the premises of this sort of societ y, ignorant of the cost, he pays in human footings. We will compose a custom exposition test on Novel On Feminism A Dolls House English Literature explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now We will compose a custom exposition test on Novel On Feminism A Dolls House English Literature explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer We will compose a custom exposition test on Novel On Feminism A Dolls House English Literature explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer Ibsen scrutinizes the businessman culture by making the characters, who continue in the general public and insubordination to it. The common family unit, the smaller scale society in position of middle class individual was ousted by these characters from the focal point of the general public. The situation of a man in a family unit mirrors the submit and request in the hierarchial arrangement of society. This is the reason Torvard needs his control in the family and his security relies upon encountering predominant. Ibsen saw that the specialist society required some substance which is an unrest of human soul and guaranteed that the proverb of the Gallic Revolution ( 1789 ) Liberty, Equality, and Fraternity required a reformulation. Each 1 has his ain part in the structure or demolition of the general public. He composes One neer stands completely without bit of obligation or blame in middle class society to which one has a place ( 12,402 ) . Ibsen at any point accepted, reality as single and abstract. That s why, he lets Nora travel out known to man and perceive the sense of self reconsider the builds and estimations of society. One ca nt measure the general public by life in the Center of the societyrather 1 must delve profound into liminal and underestimated circles of society. At the point when one is in power, one ca nt much of the time measure it right. People groups at the fringes now and again better situated to see the world. Like in the Howthorne s novel, The Scarlet Letter , when Hester Prynne is uprooted to edge, she can gauge the Puritan Society in a superior way. Norasays in the play-I should look to identify who is correct, me or society ( 283 ) . As the show moves to its halting point, Nora gets more liberated and more genuine than prior and this approves her direction. Ibsen s dramatizations uncover the frailties and equivocations of the agent society. Despite the fact that his dramatizations s scene is N orse yet the positions and considerations on the Vivtorian ethical quality are cosmopolitan to the point that they reflect the occupations and strivings of the entire universe. This representative society has employments with the marvels like industrialization, positivism, radicalism, secularization and political polarization and the comparative. The individuals were going mindful of their privileges and guarantee for them. In the show, Ibsen has delineated two kinds of grown-up females. On the one manus, Nora, who is determind to stand up as pleased and autonomous individual, on the different manus self-secrificing Mrs Christine Linde, who discovers life s centrality in the administration of others. These characters assess the internal identity and individual lives and this rating of inside lives turns into the reappraisal of the general public, which has held them under abusive guidelines and confinements. Also, in this way, Ibsen picks the grown-up females characters to take the skirmish of the upset of human mixers under the decoration of truth and opportunity. There are numerous scenes in the dramatization, which are foreseen by the other Feminist creators. Nora charges on her male parent and her hubby of dealing with her like a doll. A playfellow. She could non obtain the existent experience of life thus she ca nt make anything in her life. It is like Wollstonecraft s charges against work powers in her book called, A Vindication of the Rights of Women ( 1792 ) that grown-up females are raised to please At the disbursal of each strong righteousness as though they were gentlel household mammoths . Her portrayal of herself that she has been dealt with like a doll - spouse, making quick ones is a fitting outline of Margret Fuller s charge that grown-up male needs no wedded lady yet a miss to take care of business with . She understands that she can non make anything in her life while populating with Torvard and announces that she will go out completely on the grounds that I should instruct myselfaë†â ¦aë†â ¦ . It s something I should make without anyone else , she is demoing that there is an interest for grown-up females s liberation from the nineteenth century prohibitive society. Expressing Torvard that she does nt cognize how to be a hitched lady is reminiscent of Harriet Martineau in On Female Education , where Harriet Martineau contends the interest for sing grown-up females as companion to work powers on the other hand of playing things or retainers . When Nora understand s that the obligations to self is higher than that of a wedded lady and female parent, she is rehashing the essential build of Feminism expressed in Wallstonecraft s A Vindication of the Rights of Women that grown-up females are no not as much as work powers have a good and sound nature have non just a privilege however duty to create it: the far reaching terminal of their exertion ought to be to bloom their ain modules . The subject of A Doll s House is the enslavement of grown-up females by work powers. Nora is deprieved of everything which she ought to gain. She could nt secure a lot of introduction at the male parent s place. At Torvard s place, she is controlled by Torvard. She needs to make what was advised to make. She stifles her ain wants in convey throughing the needs of first, her male parent, thus her hubby. Nora says I could neer move against your needs . The relationship the hubby and wedded lady is non dependent on organization. Torvard considers himself to be the model of the customary nineteenth century hubby who has total directly over his wedded lady. In the fake episode, Nora neither considers fabrication to be disgrace nor to defame Torvard however she does it for affection. Torvard, who has the pride of being grown-up male, thinks about owing anything to anyone as embarrassing and excruciating even to his ain wedded lady he does nt consider her to be his equivalent. She has similarities that her wedding life is glad however she needs to stand up to the world. For this, she chooses to interfere with the similarities and travel to the universe of truth and world, and to perceive herself and her values.Ibsen in his note dated 3 January 1880, comments on the situation The moment, she leaves her place, is the momenther life to beginaë†â ¦aë†â ¦ In the show, there is huge adult child, Nora, who needs to go out into the life to identify herself . Nora s improvement can be viewed as she is compelled to surrender the expectation of marvel that her hubby will make the resposibility for everything she might do however Torvard is the captive of society, unequipped for interfering with the shows. When Nora finds that, there is no way for supernatural occurrence to go on now, she chooses to be consistent with herself. She remains against the customary and ordinary picture of grown-up females and gets one of the Ibsen s most freed characters. Nora s going of a freed is non equitable yet abstract. She turns into her ain, ready to take her decesions autonomously. the other female character, Mrs Linde contradicts by non being the agent of early minutes of Feminism, yet through a savvy and adoring chest. Mrs linde encounters the wonder which Nora envisioned. At the point when she gets prepared to surrender the inconvenient life and wed Krogstag, she encounters the supernatural occurrence , the feeling of satisfact ion. She says-How extraordinary to function for, to populate for, for a spot to build . On the different manus, Nora sees her feeling of satisfaction when she leaves her hubby, children and place and bei

Diffusion and Standardization with Operation System Free Essays

Unique This paper talks about the standard of activity framework (OS) in the PC business, and how Windows at long last turned into a standard of this industry. To understand better of this procedure, we fundamentally assess the exclusive system and what is the impact of this system on the dissemination procedure. This paper likewise gives a short perspective on arrange impact and exchanging cost, item preannouncement that have affected the result of the gauges rivalry. We will compose a custom exposition test on Dissemination and Standardization with Operation System or then again any comparable theme just for you Request Now 1. Presentation of Windows and Mac OS There have been two particular activity conditions alongside PC industry, Windows and Mac OS. They are experiencing an escalated standard race in the course of recent years. Windows is an activity domain presented by Microsoft in 1985, a solid market pioneer which represents over 90% use share in 2009 with its high caliber and simple dealing with graphical client interfaces.1 Mac OS is a framework created by Apple, a little utilization portion of 6% and less notable in activity systems.2 The two frameworks are incongruent with one another by various innovation support. Mechanically, both have their favorable circumstances. The Windows is upheld by equipment arrangement, which is given by a progression of equipment fabricating, as INTEL ?AMD. Then again, Mac OS has its uniqueness which is an approach to separate it from all other PCs out there. Macintosh OS is just to be introduced at Apple’s PC by Apple’s permit understanding, in other words Apple isn't to permit their OS. In addition, Windows can run on any convenient application and there are a mounting number of end frameworks could be offered with it. On the other hand, Mac OS is good to restricted programming. 2. The Development of the OS Standard By the mid 1980s, some little organizations which drove the minicomputer advertise in the late 1970s have been taken a hand by bigger PCs. Fewer true industry gauges have created. In 1981, when the biggest PC firm which is IBM gone into the microcomputer region and settled on the choice that all the IBM PC dispatched with IBM PC-DOS which is an authorized rendition of Microsoft’s MS-DOS instead of the predominant business standard CP/M-86 activity system.3 In 1984, 4 Microsoft accomplished development of incomes from MS-DOS’s deals by IBM and different competitor’s makers who were eager to purchase MS-DOS permit to be sent with their PCs. Nonetheless, it despite everything accomplished little prevalence and it was rivalry with Apple’s own OS. In those days, the industry expected that the IBM would be the specialized bearing .However, 1987 when IBM settled on an unsafe business choice that decided to present their PS/2 line which would be authorized to any individual who could manage the cost of the sovereignty, anyway it neglected to keep up the open AT bus.8 PS/2 line made the IBM machines were not IBM-good any longer. Hence, numerous PC produces hold off tolerating the PS/2 licenses and cooperated on another open transport type to all makes, which lead to that IBM not, at this point the pioneer and standard of the business. Around a similar time, toward the start of the 1990s, 9 Microsoft built up a pristine OS â€Windows, which turned out being extremely well known. Simultaneously, IBM would want to supplant DOS with its incomprehensibly prevalent OS/2, yet Microsoft demanded pushing the business standard with Windows.With lower cost and high actually predominant execution, Windows turned into the true standard with in excess of 2 million selling of duplicates of Windows adaptation 3.0 in 1992. After at that point, Windows 95 rolled out a progressive improvement to the UI and furthermore utilized preemptive performing various tasks. During that time, the early adopters of PC would in general utilize the web to impart the qualities and shortcomings of Windows 95 and programming more programming. Windows XP was discharged and turning into the biggest utilization OS ever. In 2009, another release â€windows 7 concentrated on new highlights with increasingly perfect applications and equipment. Additionally, in 2011, a preannouncement of Windows 8 has been made that will be discharged in 2 years after the fact so as to influence the decisions of potential clients. Truth be told, Windows OS would be an open configuration with all the PCs delivered with Windows is equipped for utilizing broad perfect programming. Also, the verifiable record mirrored that the way in to the accomplishment of Windows OS lay in the way that Windows can be authorized to PC makers however much as could be expected. 3. The MAC OS Threat In spite of the broad accomplishment of Windows OS in the previous 20 years, industry contender despite everything is attempting to change the market. Some safeguarded with the extraordinary and in fact prevalent framework, similar to Mac OS by Apple. Apple’s Macintosh created in 1984, which accomplished a financially effective in the start of 1980s. Macintoshes are quickly developing in fame by its one of a kind programming/equipment advertise specialty. They demanded their one of a kind standard with their restrictive framework which is Mac OS that would run nothing any other individual programmed.7 For the situation ofcomputer OS, Mac OS has exceptionally constrained similarity with other program yet then again, is very simple to utilize and requires generally little support, which is the motivation behind why It is experiencing a marginally development in the use showcase in correlation with past execution. 4. How the restrictive system would influence the dispersion As we as a whole realize that the estimation of a particular PC framework relies upon accessibility of good programming 11.User generally not care whether others utilize a similar PC as me, however I advantage in a roundabout way from the way that there are numerous different clients of a similar item which implies that there is a huge market of programming. The chronicled record of Windows OS and Mac OS has indicated that reality that Windows OS is a moderately open norm. Microsoft realizing that they would not rule the market all alone without the participation to other PC fabricating. Along these lines they authorized the Windows OS to different organizations which finally accomplished an imposing business model on OS advertise with 90% offer and all PCs running their OS. Apple, paradoxically, made its Mac OS shut norm. They has a high restraining infrastructure on Mac os with 100% of their PC Reference http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Windows http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Windows http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wintel http://www.islandnet.com/~kpolsson/compsoft/soft1991.htm http://www.thocp.net/organizations/microsoft/microsoft_company.htm http://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20090715083926AATdrXk Kennedy, Randall C. (2008-04-14). â€Å"Fat, fatter, fattest: Microsoft’s rulers of swell | Applications†. InfoWorld. Recovered 2010-01-12. http://articles.orlandosentinel.com/1999-10-13/business/9910130219_1_chips-microchip gartner http://www.ocdqblog.com/home/the-dissemination of-information governance.html G.M.Peter Swann The Economics of Innovation An Introdution 2009 Step by step instructions to refer to Diffusion and Standardization with Operation System, Essay models

Companion Animal Behavior and Training Module

For the situation study, a youthful grown-up male feline, fixed and matured somewhere in the range of four and five years of age, experiences outrageous alterations in conduct in light of the introduction of an infant youngster to the proprietor couple. The residential short-hair lives in a solitary feline family unit and preceding the introduction of the primary infant and the baby’s hence figuring out how to creep, the feline utilized 24-hour outside access, toileting outside in an adequate fashion.Since the infant in the family unit figured out how to slither, the feline has begun unrinating in the upstairs territory of the house and hunching down in different distinctive locations.The feline likewise started preparing unnecessarily. In light of this contextual analysis data, a few conclusions can be made about the causal components identifying with the social issues showed by the feline. For evident reasons identifying with the general soundness of the family unit, the cat ’s conduct represents a few dangers. One rule clarification for the conduct change, nonetheless, is the nearness of the principal youngster and the cat’s view of the kid, presently versatile and an apparent nearness from the cat’s point of view, as a treat to the cat’s saw an area in the house.The clarification for the social issues settles upon the way that felines now and again embrace pee showering or pee checking due to regional debates, during forceful clashes, and in any event, during sexual experiences. The shower created is sharp and intended to avoid potential predators or contenders. For the situation study, the feline plainly handle that the youngster, creeping and subsequently introducing what must be an obvious risk to the feline, is a predator or a danger of some broad kind to the cat’s control of the family unit, his territory.The goal of denoting the domain is to set up its limits and avert the kid. It is exemplary feline conduct to publicize their essence in a region by showering outwardly prominent destinations. Since felines normally look to â€Å"time share† domains, marks empower the felines to space themselves out and forestall undesirable experiences. Felines can recognize the pee checks so track can be kept of their neighbors (Hart, 1980a). Splashing serves to bring the male and female together during the reproducing season. It is frequently done at a tallness helpful for sniffing (Beaver, 1992).Cats that splash pee inside their homes are traditionally kept from doing as such by fixing. Since the feline for the situation study is as of now fixed, different estimates must be attempt to check the conduct. Regularly, splashing is embraced by reproductively flawless guys. Females splash also, however less once in a while. In one investigation directed by the ASPCA, 77 percent of felines halted or altogether diminished showering inside a half year. 10% of male felines fixed before 10 months old enoug h will at present splash as grown-ups. In family units with various felines, in any event one feline will probably shower, regardless of whether all the felines are fixed (ASPCA, 2007).Cats can get desirous upon the appearance of another infant and this is especially since the nearness of another kid leaves the guardians, the cat’s proprietors, depleted and strife of another child, the feline is regularly dismissed. This makes and compounds hatred about the nearness of the youngster. Obviously, it ought not be precluded that clinical issues could be the reason for the cat’s bizarre conduct. In any event, this must be explored as a potential reason. Clinical issues, for example, looseness of the bowels, urinary bladder aggravation, and the condition polydipsia or polyuria may advance surprising conduct from the cat.The indications of these issues incorporate delicate to watery the runs, which may demonstrate an issue in the small digestive tract, or bodily fluid noticea ble in the stool, alongside blood, which proposes a kindled colon or colitis. Urinary bladder contaminations may incorporate FUS, bacterial disease, calculi or bladder stones, and tumors. Diabetes insipidus, diabetes mellitus, kidney sickness, liver illness, adrenal organ ailment, pyometra, and hypercalcemia are on the whole conceivable clinical reasons for splashing and peeing in the house (ASPCA, 2007).If the infant were absent in the house it is practical to take note of that females in heat, male showering, different felines outside, packing inside, and the conceivable nearness of testicular tissue remaining and delivering low level hormones. Congestion, unchained litter, interfered with access to liter boxes, an adjustment in litter kind, and the nearness of questionable synthetic concoctions might be causing the issue. Mental pressure factors, for example, moving to another condition or experiencing an adjustment in routine can leave felines of all ages confused and under sign ificant mental stress.Overall, felines are antisocial people and keep away from collaborations with different felines, aside from when with a mate, with youthful, or if a few felines have a place with the one family unit. The region went during typical exercises is known the home range (Beaver, 1992; Bradshaw, 1992; Thorne, 1992). It is a lot bigger for guys than for females (Bradshaw, 1992) and the range may cover other animals’ ranges (Thorne, 1992). Studies on free-running felines (Fox, 1975), demonstrated that felines have a home region and a home range that comprises of spots for resting, sunbathing and viewing. A system of ways interfaces places and individuals may visit them regularly.Cats have a request for predominance in an area, which relies upon time and spot. On the off chance that a low-positioning feline has just entered a thin way and a high-positioning feline enters, the less predominant creature will sit and hold up until the way is clear. Felines make a hug e effort to abstain from meeting another feline on a pathway, and chance vis-à-vis experiences lead to battling and pursuing and the advancement of a dominantâ€subordinate relationship. Subordinate guys are pushed around in a prevailing male’s home range. They basically become wanderers (Liberg, 1981, refered to in Thorne, 1992).If a gathering of felines is kept up in state pens, they should be furnished with racks so they can ‘own’ one and retreat there from different felines (Hart, 1980). The felines work out a plan where certain ones utilize the floor at various occasions to other people. Scouring may help fortify social situations, with subordinate people for the most part scouring increasingly prevailing conspecifics (Macdonald, Apps, Carr and Kerby, 1987). The socialization time frame is the point at which all essential social bonds are shaped and is the most significant period during the cat’s life (Beaver, 1992).Active social con respect with m ore than one grown-up feline at some critical improvement stage is important for a grown-up feline to adjust later to social everyday environments (Bradshaw, 1992). Given this, the absence of socialization with another newborn child acquainted with a family unit is going to cause issues and, after legitimate affirmation that there are no clinical clarifications for the cat’s surprising conduct, the presumable best reaction will include substantial holding endeavors to enable the feline to defeat sentiments of uprooting, notwithstanding endeavors to assist the feline with perceiving the infant as a non-danger to its territory.SECTION B: To alter the conduct of the feline for the situation study, a few stages should be attempted to guarantee that the reason for the issue is appropriately evaluated and to guarantee that the issue becomes settled as fast and as productively as could reasonably be expected. The initial phase in the social alteration procedure will be to distinguis h the reasons that they feline is splashing. Apparently, the new child is the issue, in any case, it is essential as a prudent step at any rate to have the feline exposed to a physical assessment by a certified vet.Physical issues can prompt improper pee and splashing and ought to in any event be precluded before any mental issues are explored. To survey the mental condition of the felines it is very essential to start by demoralizing different felines from sticking around outside the home, if there are any signs that felines are doing this. In a perfect world, one of the different kinds of financially accessible movement enacted gadgets, for example, the Critter Gitterâ„ ¢, the Scarecrowâ„ ¢, or the Scraminalâ„ ¢, serve the capacity to terrify outside felines away.The Scat Matâ„ ¢ and the Sofa Saverâ„ ¢ can be utilized to get open air felines far from entryways and windows if there is proof that different felines are coming this near the house (ASPCA, 2007). In spite of the fact that it isn't likely that this kind of regional issue is in play for the situation study, the cat’s proprietors would to well to explore and preclude the chance. Various elements could without much of a stretch be in play since the cat’s conduct is changed so radically and since there is proof that it is just since the new infant started slithering that the cat’s pee and showering have been a problem.If the feline is splashing in a few areas, territories ought to be made less engaging. Economically accessible are such impediment frameworks as Ssscatâ„ ¢ might be utilized and the cat’s proprietors may likewise have a go at setting up an alternate personal conduct standard in the splashed areas by putting things that animate practices contrary with showering, for example, the food dish or toys in the proper areas. A litter box may likewise be put in every area to attempt to set up a similar change in standard of conduct. A definitive treatme nt objective is to spin the cat’s feeling of weakness in their home environment.Any type of direct discipline is to be maintained a strategic distance from. Discipline just causes the feline to feel progressively shaky. In the event that the feline has singled out one new individual to be the objective of checking, as for this situation, the infant, it is useful to have the youngster present and appearing to partake in the taking care of the feline as a methods for building up trust for the feline. When all is said in done cases, it can likewise be useful to have relatives utilize similar cleansers, shampoos in order to homogenize the gathering as far as scents. This prevents the feline from singling out one person for attention.A social modif

Miracles of Jesus Term Paper - 3300 Words

Miracles of Jesus (Term Paper Sample) Content: MIRACLES OF JESUSTABLE OF CONTENTSPAGE NO1.0 Introduction ..32.0 Background to the Study...43.0 MIRACLES OF NATURE....43.1 The Miracle at Cana...53.2 Miracle of the Draught of Fishes...53.3 Stilling the Storm...63.4 Feeding of the Five Thousand63.5 Feeding the Four Thousand63.6 Temple Tax, the Tribute Money.....73.7 The Withered Fig Tree....84.0 MIRACLES OF PHYSICAL HEALING...84.0 The son of the Noble man...8 4.1The man with an Unclean Spirit..84.2 Simons Mother In-Law.....94.3 The Leper....94.4 The Paralytic Man...94.5 The Impotent..104.6 The man with the withered hand........105.0 MIRACLES OF RESURRECTION...115.1 The Widows son raised .....115.2 Jairus Daughter Raised........115.3 Lazarus Raised ....116.0 Conclusion ......127.0 Bibliography........14INTRODUCTIONA miracle is defined as an event that contradicts existing scientific principles and hence attributed to supernatural causes, usually an act of God. The New Testament uses the words signs, wonders, and mirac les to describe the acts of God in different synopsis. The Gospel according to John uses the term works to refer to the miracles of Jesus. The word miracle emanates from the Greek word Dunamis which means power, denoting power of a supernatural being. Miracles were done by the Lord Jesus Christ mainly for the purpose of: bringing about faith in God, to confirm the Word of God, proof to the peoples that indeed God the Father is with the Son Jesus Christ, and that Jesus is the Promised Messiah as attested to by the Prophets Miracles had complete and instant results, for instance the miracle at the pool of Bethesda when the lame man is said to have been made whole straightway. The miracles performed by Jesus Christ were undeniable as even the enemies confessed that he performed them. Miracles were done in diverse circumstances: when one has faith like the woman who had the blood issue; when someone had faith on behalf of the other; or when there was no faith at all such as wh en the widows son was raised in Nain. There are about 35 miracles performed by Jesus in the New Testament. BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY OF MIRACLESMiracles depend on the condor of our faith as depicted by the four accounts of the gospel. To understand their reality and practicability we need to study and understand what the authors clearly state and what is indefinite we may have no right to define. The question of the existence of God through the performance or occurrence of miracles has elicited sharp difference among biblical scholars, theorists and researchers. Some argue that the occurrence of a miracle does not necessarily mean that God exists.Swinburne contends that the testimony for a miracle is enough to proof that the miracle occurred. Therefore the occurrence of miracle is certainly enough proof that God exists. Schlesinger uses the Bayes theorem to proof that indeed the occurrence of miracles attests to the existence of God. There is much controversy and skepticism abou t the subject of miracles performed by Jesus. The term miracle and supernatural is inseparable in studying miraculous nature. MIRACLES OF NATUREThe Miracle at CanaJohn 2:1-11

Essay about Children and ADHD Medications - 1305 Words

Children and ADHD Medications What is attention deficit hyper disorder? ADHD is a â€Å"chronic condition that affects pre-school or very young school children (Zivkovic 3822). ADHD symptoms are difficulty sustaining attention, impulsive behavior and hyper activity (3822). There was a research conducted by Cordest hat ADHD prevails in 3 to 5% of preschoolers and is more common in boys than in girls (3822). Children as young as three and four years of age are being diagnosed with ADHD and are being given medications. Parents with children between the ages of two and six should not medicate their children that are diagnosed with ADHD. The types of testing that specialist do for ADHD is â€Å"clinical observation† and that is how they determine†¦show more content†¦There are many different types of medications and each of them have different side effects. There was a study conducted on a couple of ADHD medication that are given to children of ages three and under because it was causing serious cardiovascular side effects such as unexpected cardiac arrest, strokes, and acute myocardial infractions which is the medical term for heart attacks (Cooper149). Another study was conducted on children between the ages of two and eleven years old on another medication that was causing several types of hemorrhages that rush blood out due to a ruptured vessel (149). Another side effect was cerebral oedema which is swelling in the brain that is caused by disproportionate amounts of fluids (150). The United States Food and drug Administration made the companies that produce these medications put a different label that would stand out more in order to warn consumers about the risks that these medications may cause (149). Not only was The FDA able to change the labels here in the US but they managed to do it around the world so other consumers may know the severe side effects (149). Medications for ADHD patients do not improve nor cure the disorder they just control it for about eight hours. The largest treatment research conducted was done for a group of 165 children still in pre-school between the ages of three and five year olds (Costa-Dias S45).The study showed most common side effects were that some ofShow MoreRelated ADHD Medication and Children Essay1429 Words   |  6 Pagesthe symptoms of a child diagnosed with ADHD. Though there isn’t a test to determine whether or not a child has ADHD many psychiatrists are quick to incline that the child may have this behavioral disorder even though they could just be acting like children. Not only are psychiatrists too quick to diagnose t hey’re also quick to prescribe medications that have high risks of causing behavioral changes and disruption of the chemical balance within the brain. Children under the age of twelve should neverRead MoreGiving Children ADHD Medication1657 Words   |  7 PagesAttention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a psychiatric disorder that causes children to have problems with paying attention, trouble with following instructions, have impulsive behaviors and become easily distracted. Medications, such as Adderall and Ritalin, are used to treat the symptoms of this disorder by helping the patient to focus and pay attention while also curbing their impulsive behavior and hyperactivity. 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According to Alan Schwarz, the rising number of diagnoses makes ADHD the second most prevalent disease in children besides asthma. Over the past twenty years, the number of children diagnosed with ADHD has risen to 3.5 million compared to 600,000 in 1990 (Schwarz A1). The families affected by ADHD rely heavily on their physicians to accuratelyRead MoreAttention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder ( Adhd )1678 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"ADHD is a neurological difference that affects learning and language, and every aspect of life† (Hardman). It has been argued that ADHD (Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder) is not a real disease, but it has been confirmed by neurological testing that ADHD is a real disease. It has been found that ADHD symptoms are caused by a child having less brain activity in their frontal lobes; this part of the brain controls the impulse control which will make it harder for the child to sit still. 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Essay Comparing the Book and Movie Version of The Grapes...

The Grapes of Wrath: Comparing Book and Movie Ford attempted to establish a sense of historical context by inserting two paragraphs of prose on the screen immediately following the opening credits: In the central part of the United States of America lies a limited area called the Dust Bowl, because of its lack of rains. Here drought and poverty combined to deprive many farmers from their land. This is the story of one farmers family, driven from their fields by natural disasters and economic changes beyond anyones control and their great journey in search of peace, security, and another home. In its description of a limited area called the Dust Bowl, the prose serves to limit the scope of the†¦show more content†¦In these interchapters Steinbeck also criticizes the way tenant farmers are treated and the way powerful, rich people exploit the poor migrants. The novels interchapters and the different focus of novel and movie The film version excluded many small episodes from the novel, among them episodes showing unfair business practices. The complaint about the unfair practices of used-car salesmen; the argument with the camp owner about overcharging; the depiction of the company-store credit racket, the dishonest scales on the fruit ranch; and even the practice, an the part of an otherwise sympathetic luncheon proprietor, of taking the jackpots from his slot machines - none of these was ever proposed for the shooting script. These episodes appear in the so called interchapters of the novel. Although elements of the interchapters were eventually incorporated into the film, particularly in the few panoramic shots, the ultimate effect of such condensing was to focus exclusively on the Joads rather than Steinbecks Manself. Some interchapters from the novel are taken into the film version and the characters areShow MoreRelatedLogical Reasoning189930 Words   |  760 PagesDowden This book Logical Reasoning by Bradley H. Dowden is licensed under a Creative Commons AttributionNonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License. That is, you are free to share, copy, distribute, store, and transmit all or any part of the work under the following conditions: (1) Attribution You must attribute the work in the manner specified by the author, namely by citing his name, the book title, and the relevant page numbers (but not in any way that suggests that the book Logical Reasoning

Consumer Rights and Guarantees

Question: Discuss about the Consumer Rights and Guarantees. Answer: Introduction: The specific case is related to procurement of climwits by Paula. She had instructed Tess to procure 1200 pieces of that item from the designated vendor, Woddo Co. Tess had contacted the specific vendor, Woddo Co. but they had declined of supplying the same quantities of climwits due to non-availability of stock. As the need was on urgent basis, Tess had enquired about the alternative vendor of climwits in the market and had found another vendor named Sepal Co. they were ready to supply the goods as they had enough of inventories on that specific product. But they had imposed a condition of selling the same with the lot of 1400 units only at the price $ 16000 with allowable 10% discount which had made the effective price of the lot of 1400 units at $14400 with the unit price of $ 10.29 of the products subject to procurement of 1400 units at one shot. The earlier price offered by Woddo Co. to Paula was of $12000 for 1200 units which is calculated at the rate of 10 per unit. In this ca se of procurement of climwits by Paula the price had been increased from existing price range of $ 10 to $ 10.29 due some crisis in the market. Being desperate to have to product in regular basis, Paula has contacted Woddo Co and demanded for supplying the material with prevalent price of $12000 for 1200 units to her but the vendor had denied as they have the agreement with Tess only for the product of 1400 unit-lot at the price of $16000 less 10% discount. Being a legal advisor, I have to assist all the three parties in the case study to guide them regarding any legal obligations raised with subsequent compliance at their end. Assisting Paula Paula is the prime personality in this context. She had requirement of climwits of 1200 units for $ 12000 and instructed Tess to procure the same from Woddo Co at the price and quantity specified. Although it is not clear from the case study what is the status of Tess- if she is employee of Paula or a known personality to Paula. While finding the product from Woddo Co, it was found that they were running out of stock and they were not able to supply the same then. Tess had taken initiative to find the product from the market and ultimately found Sepal CO who had a ready stock of that product but they were ready to supply the product with some other contractual agreement which they were entered with Tess and they had no identification of Paula in this transaction. They had offered the conditions to Tess with 1400 units to be procured in a lot with the price of $16000 less 10% discount which occurs to be $10.29 per unit instead of the earlier offered price Woddo Co of $ 10 per unit. Th e case study in nutshell is that if Paula wanted to procure the materials from Sepal Co, she had to approach through Tess only with the specific lot and price mentioned earlier(Austlii, 2012). This case is related to the applicable act of Sales of Goods Act, 1979 and Consumers Right Act 2015. But with the provision of this act, there is nothing attributed to the right of the probable buyer. Here probable buyer is Paula who was eager to procure the goods from Sepal Co but with the price offered by her. It is the sole discretion of the seller to sale the product in the reasonable price they wish to, which should not be of abnormal in value(Duncombe, 2012). As Paula had insisted Sepal Co to supply the goods at the price of $ 12000 for 1200 units, this condition is not as per the offer given by Sepal Co of minimum sales quantity to be ensured at 1400 units of price $16000 less 10%. Moreover, as Paula had not approached to Sepal, she had to en-route her query through Tess only. There is no such section which can defend the plea of Paula in this context(e-lawresources, 2015). Only thing Paula can exercise is the breech of mutual trust and confidence as the precondition of employment with Tess with the context of the order of Justice Benasanko via judgment of High Court ( McHigh, Gummow, Hayne, and Heydon JJ in Koehler v Cerebos(2005) 222 CLR 44, Australian Law(maddocks;, 2015). Assisting Tess: Tess, with her assumed status of being the employee of Paula should not enter the agreement in her name, instead that should be of the firm name of Paula. In a hurry she had made the decision and had entered into the agreement with Sepal Co for procurement of climwits in her personal name, instead she should enter into the agreement with firm name of Paula. Tess being the buyer identity had entered the agreement with Sepal Co and she should immediately refer it to Paula to make amendments of the change of name of the buyer, as it is seemed to be a Business to Business sale. To assist Tess, the justification is to be made that she had made the decision in hurry and could not find the letter of authority of Paula to make the deal, and so she had approached herself as the buyer of the product instead of Paula, as the business owner(Lexology, 2015). Assisting Woddo Co The erstwhile supplier Woddo Co has no such liabilities in this context as they could not sell the product due to unavailability of stock. Moreover they had informed that to their customer Paula. Hence they are not at all a party to this and needs no legal assistance in this regard. Assisting Sepal Co Sepal Co is legally in safe side in this context as they had entered into an agreement with Tess being the buyer of the said product of climwits. The law of Contract says that a perfect contract is made when there is two parties- one who offers and one who accepts which is backed by reasonable consideration. In this present context, the price and quantity had been offered by Sepal Co with subsequent acceptance by Tess. Hence while they had denied Paula of supplying the product with the lot and the price fixed by Paula, they had declined mentioning the agreement of them is with Tess in this matter and they are not going to entertain any such demand of Paula(Australiancontractlaw, 2015). Synopsis The above case has four parties- Paula as the business owner, Tess as the assumed employee, Woddo Co as the old supplier, and Sepal Co as the new supplier. In this case, there is direct difference of opinion between Paula and Sepal Co related to the supply of the goods named climwits. So far the case is diagnosed with observations, Petal Co had denied the claim of Paula for supplying climwits of 1200 nos lot with the price of $ 12000 which Sepal Co had denied with the justification that they had entered into an agreement with Tess and had no obligation to entertain the claim of Paula in this matter. This case is related to Law of Contract, Law of Employment and Sales of Goods Act 1979 and Consumers Right Act, 2015(Accc, 2015). Merco, a Migrant to Australia was employed in Australia in a company as clerical assistant. He had come to Australia seven months ago. He had the problem of communication so far English knowledge is concerned. He can deliver spoken English without fluency and at the same time was lagging behind to communicate through written English. One day he had met Ted Upton in an eating place who was a representative of a publication company who were involved in publishing of journals to escalate the written English. Ted was basically a sales executive of Eddo Publishing Co, who is engaged in publication. This was a monthly magazine named English for Migrants-Beginners to advanced stage, which was being subscribed by the patrons who were willing to learn the English for their needs. The subscription is being introduced through a form of contract which is to be signed by the applicant. There were so many clauses in the agreement form (around 90) which were inserted into the agreement form and Mer co had not gone through the entire set of clauses as Ted Upton had made it in hurry to get the form signed by Merco and submit to the office as a step forward to meet his sales target(Legislation, 2015). Ted Upton had made some false statement verbally also to Merco regarding the agreement to enhance the credibility of the journal to Merco. One of them was that the teachers of the school used to take help of this journal while delivering lectures in the class. The other statement was that there were many people including the employers used to recommend the same magazine for their migrant employees to live in Australia with social and professional up-gradation, even in the field of working place. There were other misstatements also in the form of only Ted is the authority to get the subscription approved. If Merco was not taking the decision of subscribing the magazine, he might have loose the chance of availing the best minimum price of the subscription as the price would shoot up soon and the publishers was working on the price escalation of the said magazine. Merco was bit confused about the agreement and wished to consult his lawyer to get it clarified by him. But Ted Upton had insisted in immediate signing of the form and Merco had signed the form as per the verbal commitment of Ted Upton in urgency without going through the clauses of the 10 pages application form which were part of the form of agreement. The money had been paid by Merco in reciprocation for the subscription immediately after signing the form. Later on Merco would have different thinking to come out of this agreement by not subscribing the magazine further. He had consulted the same with his colleagues and they had confirmed that this is a good magazine and would be of great use for Merco to escalate his positio n in social and professional life(Claytonutz, 2014). Legal Advice to Merco This case study is related to Law of Contract of Australia with its implication with the clauses referred under it. The Australian Contract Law is divided into five categories: Formation this part is required as per the needs of a valid contract Scope with content- this part deals in identification of contractual terms with the respective scope of them(Asic, 2016). Avoidance- this part provides the scope through which any of the parties can come out of the contract or how any of the parties can avoid the contract. Performance and termination- this part is highlighting the requirement for full performance of a valid contract along the conditions which may make the contract void including breech of contract(Accc, 2016). Remedial measures- this part is covering the scope of setting out of the damages along with other remedies which may be availed by any of the two parties to combat the breech of contract by any of the party(Australiancontractlaw, 2016). With these specific conditions for enactment of contract, the case of Marco can be advised to serve his purpose as per his requirement. If Merco wants to come out of this contract, he can easily get this option by availing the scope of misleading or deceptive conduct as per provision of statutory remedies related to the Competition and Consumer Act 2010 (Cth) which provides better solution of the disputes related to this area. It is also provided that as per section 18 of Australian Consumer Law which is the content of schedule 2 of the Competition and Consumer Act 2010 (Cth) or erstwhile section 52 of the Trade Practices Act. This section 18 states that a person, in any case should not pass on or engage in any conduct or information in trade or commerce which is deceptive or misleading n nature. The coverage of this section is not applied in private sales but this section covers almost all commercial activity. Violation of this section through breach of contract leads to range of remedies with the areas of damages and avoidance of contract for variation(Legislation, 2010). Refer to case law of Google Inc v ACCC High Court of Australia (HCA 1) the deceptive and misleading facts had been reportedly projected in the search engine of Google with organic and sponsored link with the feature of the later as paid advertisement. This advertisement is not supposed to be here due to its nature which proves to be misleading and deceptive in nature with the result of confusing the viewers. The logic behind this case was that Google was involved in misleading and deceptive conduct which is related to section 52 of the Trade Practices Act, which is now amended as section 18 of the Australian Consumer Law through the activity of displaying the web address of an advertiser as posed to be a sponsored link which had projected the name of the relevant competitor while the claim of Google was that it is nothing but a mere type of expression for the advertiser(Australiancontractlaw, 2016). Synopsis Act of misleading or deceptive conduct creates the option in the law of contract of Australia to make the contract void. It is the sole discretion of Merco if wants to continue the subscription or to break it. In the second option he has ample scope through law to get himself coming out of the contract which had been signed by Merco under the scope and provision of Section 18 of Australian Consumer Law. The Australian Law has given enough scope of combating such incidents which may originate form deceptive or misleading conduct by the person who is offering the sale. It is mainly to serve the personal interest of Ted Upton to get his budgeted goal to be achieved for his organization, and he had adopted some unfair means by creating confusion to his customer Merco. Merco had fallen in his trap to sign the agreement which was of 10 pages and containing 90 clauses which was not possible for Merco to read and understand due to his poor knowledge in English. That situation was en-cashed by Ted Upton and for this misleading or deceptive statements, he could be sued by Merco, if he wanted to. It is moreover found that the entire process had been forced to speed up in such a hurry, that Merco could not even take the help of his lawyer by consulting him about the agreement prior to signing the same to enter into an agreement with the publisher of the journal. Ted Upton had done such misleading or deceptive steps which made Merco invest in the matter in which he had no clear idea and he had to depend upon Ted for his action, which is not acceptable from the view point of Australian Consumer Law(Lib, 2015). References: Accc, 2015. Consumer rights guarantees. [Online] Available at: https://www.accc.gov.au/consumers/consumer-rights-guarantees [Accessed 24 September 2016]. Accc, 2016. A guide to the unfair contract terms law. [Online] Available at: https://www.accc.gov.au/publications/a-guide-to-the-unfair-contract-terms-law [Accessed 24 September 2016]. Anon., 2015. Statutory implied terms - The Consumer Rights Act 2015, Sale of Goods Act 1979 and the Supply of Goods and Services Act 1982. [Online] Available at: https://e-lawresources.co.uk/Statutory-implied-terms.php [Accessed September 2016]. Asic, 2016. Unfair contract terms law. [Online] Available at: https://asic.gov.au/about-asic/what-we-do/laws-we-administer/unfair-contract-terms-law/ [Accessed 24 September 2016]. Austlii, 2012. New South Wales Consolidated Acts. [Online] Available at: https://www.austlii.edu.au/au/legis/nsw/consol_act/soga1923128/ [Accessed 24 September 2016]. Australiancontractlaw, 2015. Australian Contract and Consumer Law. [Online] Available at: https://www.australiancontractlaw.com/ [Accessed 23 September 2016]. Australiancontractlaw, 2016. Google Inc v ACCC. [Online] Available at: https://www.australiancontractlaw.com/cases/google.html [Accessed 23 September 2016]. Australiancontractlaw, 2016. Overview of Australian contract law. [Online] Available at: https://www.australiancontractlaw.com/law.html [Accessed 23 September 2016]. Claytonutz, 2014. Doing Business in Australia: Contract law. [Online] Available at: https://www.claytonutz.com/knowledge/2014/june/doing-business-in-australia-contract-law [Accessed 24 September 2016]. Duncombe, M., 2012. UK Consumer Rights Act 2015: Seven key changes. [Online] Available at: https://www.dlapiper.com/en/australia/insights/publications/2015/10/law-a-la-mode-issue-17/uk-consumer-rights-act-2015-seven-key-changes/ [Accessed 24 September 2016]. e-lawresources, 2015. Statutory implied terms - The Consumer Rights Act 2015, Sale of Goods Act 1979 and the Supply of Goods and Services Act 1982. [Online] Available at: https://e-lawresources.co.uk/Statutory-implied-terms.php [Accessed 23 September 2016]. Legislation, 2010. Competition and Consumer Act 2010. [Online] Available at: https://www.legislation.gov.au/Details/C2011C00003 [Accessed 23 September 2016]. Legislation, 2015. Sale of Goods Act 1979. [Online] Available at: https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1979/54 [Accessed 24 September 2016]. Lexology, 2015. The UK Consumer Rights Act 2015 key changes that every consumer business should be aware of. [Online] Available at: https://www.lexology.com/library/detail.aspx?g=a86e26b5-2c03-4264-9cd8-1ce16ca7532e [Accessed 24 September 2016]. Lib, 2015. Commercial law: Contract law. [Online] Available at: https://guides.lib.monash.edu/commercial-law/contract-law [Accessed 23 September 2016]. maddocks;, 2015. Breaching trust and confidence: are workplace policies the new scourge for employers? [Online] Available at: https://www.maddocks.com.au/reading-room/ealert-breaching-trust-and-confidence-are-workplace-policies-the-new-scourge-for-employers/ [Accessed 23 September 2016]. UK, L.r., 2015. contract Law. [Online] Available at: https://e-lawresources.co.uk/Contract.php [Accessed 23 September 2016].

Interpreting Causal Uncertainty Essay Sample free essay sample

Many surveies have been conducted to analyze why people feel the manner they do towards events or state of affairss they perceive as non their stereotyped â€Å"norm† or experiencing unsure as to why person did what they did. In a survey by Gifford Weary and John A. Edwards ( 1994 ) . they define this uncertainness about one’s inability to grok or place causal relationships or causal conditions in society as causal uncertainness ( CU ) . Whether you are seeking to do sense of why your best friend does non desire to travel out to the films or why a alien started speaking to you in an lift. people have this overpowering impulse to understand or ground the cause of another person’s behaviour. so that their reaction is suiting ( Weary. Tobin. A ; Edwards. 2010 ) . The research has show that because of the catholicity of traumatic events in the universe. such as natural catastrophes. school shots. deceases. slaying. and so on. it is plausible that many persons feel t hat they are non capable of adequately finding the causes behind the happening of such societal events ( Weary A ; Edwards. 1994 ) . They found that single differences can be assessed by the causal uncertainness graduated table ( CUS ) ; the CUS measures the person’s response to beliefs ( Weary A ; Edwards. 1994 ) . The demand to understand cause-and-effect relationships within the context of society is likely to act upon the behaviour of some persons ( Weary A ; Edwards. 1994 ) . The inability to understand people’s reactions or inactivity or causal uncertainness symptoms can happen into the feelings of freak out. uncomfortableness. or convulsion ( Aweary et Al. . 2010 ) . It is believed that there are certain conditions that must be in order for a individual to endure from CU. in that there must be some unsure feelings present whether they were caused by the milieus. expected results that were non met. or self-perception ( sensitiveness ) ( Aweary et Al. . 2010 ) . More late research has suggested that the internal issues felt by people high in CU extend to daily contact with aliens. familiarities and friends ( Aweary et Al. . 2010 ) . Namely. causally unsure people tend to avoid face-to-face conversations with aliens. be given to be diffident and the mere interaction with other people can take people with CU to experience rejected ( Aweary et Al. . 2010 ) . Research would propose that people high on the CUS tend to avoid interactions with aliens in general at any degree or planetary uncertainness ( Douglas. 1991 ) . Past negative experiences with aliens weigh to a great extent on how a globally unsure single interacts with person the first clip they meet. more so than merely the general anxiousness one feels during the procedure of â€Å"getting to know† person ( Douglas. 1991 ) . For case. Douglas ( 1991 ) discussed that persons who experience higher degrees of planetary uncertainness are non capable of furthering a logical program on how to steer their behaviours during initial interactions. Therefore. being uncomfortable. self-aware. and missing familiarity in the acquaintanceship processes ( Douglas. 1991 ) . Although planetary uncertainness pertains to the acquaintanceship patterns ( conversations ) and causal uncertainness is applied to societal state of affairss. research workers can contend that similar consequence are apparent with anxiousness. uncomfortableness. or inability to acknowledge societal cues ( Douglas. 1991 ) . The intent of the survey is to be able to research possible accounts for causal uncertainness and the experiences felt when oppugning why person did or did non make what was expected. neglecting to obtain the reply or the inability to grok. Harmonizing to Weary and Edwards’s ( 1994 ) . causal uncertainness feelings originate when persons perceive that there is non hold adequate information to acknowledge the cause of a peculiar event. therefore giving rise to more interpersonal jobs. If an person does non experience that they understand the implicit in purpose of another person’s verbal or gestural communications and behaviour. they are less likely to meet successful and hearty interactions and interpersonal relationships with others and some persons tend to be more down and more socially dying ( Weary A ; Edwards. 1994 ) . Causal uncertainness is found to be positively associated with unhappiness. depression. and anxiousness. which could wholly be deductions of a nega tive definition of initial interactions ( Aweary et Al. . 2010 ) . Additionally. subsequent research has besides found a positive relationship between causal uncertainness and solitariness and shyness ( Aweary et Al. . 2010 ) . Through this research it is safe to presume that people high in CU would be less confidant. have low assurance. and are more tense. drilling. and non friendly. However. in some instances the research shows people with high CU tend to necessitate organisation and have a everyday. take issues more serious and act awkwardly ( Douglas. 1991 A ; Weary et Al. . 2010 ) . Method ParticipantsParticipants were 108 undergraduate pupils. 90 adult females. 19 work forces and 1 did non describe. The participants are enrolled in an Experimental Psychology class at The University of Texas of the Permian Basin. Persons range in from 18 to 56 old ages ( Average age ( M ) = 25. 14. SD = 7. 44 ) . The ethnicity of participants: 51 European-American. 5 Afro-american. 46 Hispanic/Latino. 5 European-American A ; Hispanic/Latino. 1 Native-American. 1 Afro-american A ; Hispanic/Latino. and 1 did non describe. Participation was voluntary and all responses were gathered during regular category meetings. A debriefing press release followed. Measures To measure causal uncertainness. the causal uncertainness graduated table is a 14 point self-report graduated table designed to measure chronic single differences in the strength and frequence of causal uncertainness beliefs ( Weary A ; Edwards. 1994 ) . Participants indicate on a six-point graduated table to which they strongly agree ( 1 ) to strongly differ ( 6 ) with 14 statements associating to their apprehension of cause and consequence relationships in society. The Causal Uncertainty graduated table ( CUS ) is a step of chronic single differences in causal uncertainness beliefs. for illustration. â€Å"I do non cognize what it takes to acquire along with others† . â€Å"When I see something good happen to others. I frequently do non cognize why it happened† . and â€Å"I frequently do non experience I have adequate information to come to a decision about why things happen to me† ( Weary A ; Edwards. 1994 ) . The entire mark is obtained by summing the sing le point tonss and the higher tonss indicate greater causal uncertainness. average CUS mark = 35. 18 ( SD = 11. 83 runing from 14 1o 69. The CUS has been shown to hold high internal consistence and dependability with a Cronbach’s alpha = . 89 ( good ) . To measure planetary uncertainness. Douglas used an version of the Clatterbuck Uncertainty Evaluation Scale ( CLUES ) which is a step of attributional assurance. an acceptable step of uncertainness that has demonstrated dependability and cogency. CLUES7 includes seven points like â€Å"How confident are you of general ability to foretell how aliens will act? How confident are you of your ability to accurately find if a alien likes you? How confident are you of your ability to accurately foretell a stranger’s values? † and 11 points used define initial interactions. These points measured participant’s perceptual experiences of interactions with aliens: everyday – unpredictable ; superficial-intense ; serious – non-serious ; simple – composite ; adumbrate – non-intimate ; self-aware – self-confident ; cognize how to act – don’t cognize how to act ; relaxed – tense ; pleasant – unpleasant ; interesting à ¢â‚¬â€œ drilling ; uninvolving – affecting ( Douglas. 1991 ) . Participants indicate on a six-point graduated table to which they strongly agree ( 1 ) to strongly differ ( 6 ) . Consequences Contrary to the anticipations in the hypothesis. a no important correlativity was found and causal uncertainness was non related to the participant’s perceptual experiences of initial reactions. Participants with higher degrees of causal uncertainness and from the information gathered and measured. we found that there was no correlativity between persons who were serious versus non-serious. R ( 108 ) = . 01. p = . 891 ; self-aware and less self-assured during initial interactions. R ( 108 ) = . 14. p = . 138 ; pleasant versus non-pleasant: R ( 108 ) = . 11. p = . 251 ; modus operandi or unpredictable ; R ( 108 ) = . 14. p = . 160 ; superficial versus intense: R ( 108 ) = . 05. p = . 160 ; simple or complex: R ( 108 ) = . 13. p = . 191 ; confidant or non-intimate: R ( 108 ) = . 14. p = . 140 ; cognize how to act versus don’t cognize how to act: R ( 108 ) = . 13. p = . 180 ; relaxed or tense: R ( 108 ) = . 05. p = . 602 ; interesting or drilling: R ( 108 ) = . 10. p = . 080 ; uninvolving versus affecting: R ( 108 ) = . 17. p = . 080. These findings suggest that there was no correlativity of causal uncertainness and people’s perceptual experience of initial reactions given that for all 11 definitions of initial interaction. all of the participant’s P values were greater than. 05 ( P gt ; 0. 05 ) . which translates to no important correlativity. Discussion The intent of this survey was to research how causal uncertainness influences the manner in which persons define initial interactions with other persons. Not consistent with our hypotheses. we found that causally unsure individual’s perceptual experience of initial interactions may or may non be more unpredictable than do persons take down in causal uncertainness. Besides non consistent with our hypotheses. it was found that persons with high degrees of causal uncertainness may or may non experience more self-aware and less self-assured during initial interactions. By our participant’s replies and our analysis. no important correlativities exist between causal uncertainness and shallowness and strength. earnestness. predictability. simpleness. familiarity. behaviour. pleasantness. engagement. degrees of involvement and ennui. and friendliness of initial interactions. The findings of our survey did non needfully back up the definition of causal uncertainness as described by Weary and Edwards ( 1994 ) in that those participants high in causal uncertainness perceived initial interactions as more unpredictable. likely due to their perceived inability to place and understand cause-and-effect in footings of societal events. Although. Aweary et Al. ( 2010 ) asserts that causal uncertainness is positively related to emphasis and anxiousness. the deficiency of important correlativity between what was assumed to be accurate within the research and what was shown through our rating of the consequences from our participant’s. leads to merely a suggestion that these issues with anxiousness are merely associated with causal uncertainness and may non be related to a person’s perceptual experience about how an initial interaction will be. Finally. there presently is non adequate research on causal uncertainness to anticipate a concrete causality happening between causal uncertainness and the individual’s perceptual experience with initial interactions. There were restrictions in our survey include a smaller. non-representative sample size of participants. The participants were limited to pupils who are enrolled in an Experimental Psychology class at the University of Texas of the Permian Basin. A much larger sample that was non limited to campus might hold resulted in an addition in important correlativities. In add-on to the restriction of a little sample size. our survey had a lower figure of male participants. and 1 that no response participant. Last. our survey was limited in that participants were asked self-reflective inquiries initial interactions and as research has show there can be issues that arise from the trust of persons being realistically honest or supplying untrue replies. In future research. a much larger sample size of participants could be more accurate and it is of import return steps to guarantee males to female ratios are nearer. Finally. there is no uncertainty that future research is likely be performed and is needed in order to betters measure what inquiries should be answered and to derive a more accurate sampling of participants. My contemplation is limited to my little range of cognition on study issued questionnaires every bit good as required reading stuffs. Any future surveies would help in a more accurate decision as to the possibilities of causal uncertainness and those who are affected. These surveies could be helpful in more accurately and extensively analyzing the effects of causal uncertainness in societal scenes. Mentions Douglas. W. ( 1991 ) . Expectations about initial interaction: An scrutiny of the effects of planetary uncertainness. Human Communication Research. 17 ( 3 ) . 355-384. Edwards. J. A. A ; Weary. Gifford. ( 1998 ) . Ancestors of ausal uncertainness and perceived control: a prospective survey. European Journal of Personality. 12. 135-148. Tobin. S. J. . Weary. G. . Brunner. R. P. . Gonzalez. J. . A ; Han. H. A. ( 2009 ) . Causal uncertainness and stereotype turning away: The function of sensed class tantrum. Social Cognition. 27 ( 6 ) . 917-928. Aweary. G. . A ; Edwards. J. A. ( 1994 ) . Individual differences in causal uncertainness. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 67 ( 2 ) . 308-318. Aweary. G. . Tobin. S. J. . A ; Edwards. J. A. ( 2010 ) . The causal uncertainness theoretical account revisited. In R. M. Arkin. K. C. Oleson. A ; P. J. Carroll ( Eds. ) . Handbook of the unsure ego ( pp. 78-100 ) . New York. New york: Psychology Press.

Jane Austen and Convention of the Gothic

Jane Austen and Convention of the Gothic Introduction The novel Northanger Abbey adversely mentions gothic literature; it even influences the main characters’ actions and decisions. However, the use of this genre is done to mock and trivialise the genre.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Jane Austen and Convention of the Gothic specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More How Jane Austen challenges conventions of gothic novels As one reads the novel, one comes across a series of gothic titles throughout the narration. The characters talk about and reference various pieces in the book. Catherine meets with Isabella at the beginning of her adventure at Bath. Their main topic of conversation is gothic literature. These two ladies especially mention the Mysteries of Udolpho, by Ann Radcliffe, but their fondness for the books makes them appear one -dimensional and detached from reality. Jane Austen also mocks gothic literature by selecting a very unconventional heroine . Gothic novels usually feature beautiful young women as main characters. Catherine is average-looking at best; sometimes, Austen leads readers to believe that her main character is even unattractive. The first page states that Catherine had â€Å"an awkward figure, sallow skin colour, dark lank hair and strong features† (Austen 1817, p.1). In eighteenth century Britain, strong features and sallow skin were undesirable traits. Jane Austen wanted to defy conventional expectations of gothic literature by choosing an individual who had little physical appeal. Furthermore, Catherine’s social background was nothing extraordinary. She came from a large middle income household, yet most gothic novels either focused on incredibly poor or exceptionally wealthy heroines (Rose 1993). Furthermore, Catherine was not talented in the conventional ways of English society at the time. She could not draw or paint, and neither could she write. Even Austen remarks that she was â€Å"a st range and unaccountable character† (Austen 1817, p.6). Catherine appears to have challenges with social interactions as well. She does not seem to understand people; yet this is a predominant quality in most gothic books. Catherine did not know about Isabella’s true intentions until the situation had gone overboard. She could not hide her suspicions about Henry’s father from him. Furthermore, she fails to realise that she was leading-on John Thorpe. Catherine lacks social experience, which was a quality that was hard to miss in the gothic genre. In choosing such a heroine, the author wanted to challenge stereotypes of women in romantic literature, of which gothic novels belong (Summers 1964). In the narration, the main character appears to grow and learn about the workings of English society. This was not initially true at the beginning. In fact, one detects Catherine’s naivety when she first visits Bath. She seems to have an overblown imagination about th e way the world works. Catherine looks at the world through the eyes of the characters in gothic novels (Glock 1978).Advertising Looking for essay on british literature? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In these books, seemingly ordinary events can lead to terrible occurrences in the future. The main character thinks of Mrs. Tilney’s death as one such tale, but later realises that she had distorted reality. Jane Austen wanted to demonstrate how gothic novels can feed the mind with unrealistic and fantastic expectations. For instance, when Henry drives her out to Northanger Abbey, he indulges her imagination: â€Å"In one perhaps there may be a dagger, in another a few drops of blood, and in a third the remains of some instrument of torture; †¦ your lamp being nearly exhausted, you will return towards your own apartment. In passing through the small vaulted room, however, your eyes will be attracted toward s a large, old-fashioned cabinet of ebony and gold, which, though narrowly examining the furniture before, you had passed unnoticed.† (Austen 1817, p. 144) Catherine is quite gullible at this point because she expects nothing short of gothic mystery in the place. She is deeply disappointed when she realises that Henry’s home is quite ordinary. The house possesses none of those concealed spaces that she read about in the gothic tales. Clearly, Catherine is deluded by these readings; the author wanted to show that such exaggerations can impede one’s functioning in society. Catherine paid a heavy price for these wild imaginations when Henry discovered that she thought that someone has murdered his father. Some critics summarise this depiction through the following summary â€Å"Again and again we see the kind of malediction novels confer on Catherine, teaching her to talk in inflated and stilted clichà ©s, training her to expect impossibly villainous or virtuous b ehaviour from people whose motives are more complex than she suspects, binding her to the mundane selfishness of her contemporaries (Gilber and Gubar, 2000, 132). Although Austen satirises gothic novels through Catherine’s extreme indulgences, one must realise that the main character still sensed the pretentiousness of the people around her. She was right about questioning General Tilney’s character, because he turned out to be mean spirited and elitist. The author of the book wanted to show that gothic elements can skew one’s reality, but may lead to unconscious revelations about such people. As such, Austen did not completely write-off gothic fiction. She wanted to satirise its flaws, but also acknowledge that it did possess some insights. The writer defied conventions of gothic novels by starting with a naive character, and then developed and nurtured her to the woman that she becomes at the end of the novel.Advertising We will write a custom essay sa mple on Jane Austen and Convention of the Gothic specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In most gothic works, the heroines of the narrations are highly perceptive. They are well experienced in the world, and know what to expect from people. These are all qualities that Catherine lacks at the beginning of the book (St.Clair 2004). Catherine is not the only character in the novel to defy conventional gothic depictions: General Tilney also signifies this indifference to the status quo. At the time when Austen wrote her novel, most gothic novels had villains that were forceful, violent or even murderous. However, Northanger Abbey has none of this; in fact, the villain does not seem to possess the typical traits of such a character (Sadlier, 1944). Nonetheless, Austen depicts his undesirability through his intentions and interests. The General is overly concerned about Catherine’s wealth regardless of her admirable qualities as a person. A woman ’s social status is so important to the ‘villain’ that he is willing to ruin his relationship with his son for it. Henry Tilney chooses to defy his father rather than abide by his dictatorial rules. One can perceive that Jane Austen wanted to speak out against the ills of male patriarchy in her society (Varma 1966). She, therefore, preferred to use this role in order to advance her themes rather than to advance her plot, unlike the case is in eighteenth century gothic literature. Perhaps even the treatment of General Tilney as an antagonist is misguided in this analysis. He comes off as a man who cares too much about money and reality. The General is so concerned about maintaining his status that he meddles into the affairs of his children. Austen opted to mock gothic books by having a character that takes the shape of villain, but is not really one. Sometimes gothic pieces focused on man’s weaknesses and his inability to control his surrounding. Rarely di d they caricature society’s flaws (Levine 1999). Northanger Abbey was the exact opposite of this propensity. It satirises society’s obsessions with power and wealth through its plot as well as its characters. One such individual was Isabella who claims to care for nothing more than love. However, she gets very frustrated at her fiancà ©e when she realises that he is not as wealthy as she had presumed. She causes James great anguish when he realises that she was flirting with another man. Additionally, General Tilney is quite hospitable to Catherine when he thinks that she comes from a wealthy family. However, he kicks her out when John tells him otherwise. These people were all depictions of what society can become when it places too much emphasis on wealth. Jane Austen challenges conventions of gothic literature by going in this direction. One should note that most females in the late eighteenth century had minimal economic or social options. Writing was one of the f ew professions that individuals could use in order to earn a decent living (Kate 1993).Advertising Looking for essay on british literature? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More They were not politicians or property owners, but they had an opinion and needed to express it somewhere (Todd 1980). The author of the novel chose to mock societal practices through the use of a common literary genre, that is: the gothic novel. While the main character of the book is unattractive, Isabella is beautiful and charming. The author used conventional qualities of protagonists in gothic literature to satirise Isabella’s obsession with material wealth (Monaghan 1981). This choice in character traits may seem unintentional, but it reaffirms the fact that the book is indeed a parody of gothic work. In order to mock certain elements of fiction, some authors may choose to mirror the stylistic devices of their parodied work in order to achieve this objective (Dentith 2000). Likewise, Jane Austen does the same thing with her novel. She integrates gothic elements in her piece in a manner that satirizes them rather than validates them. Most gothic novels have an air of myst ery about them. They tend to cause suspense by leaving out vital pieces of information. Readers often read on in order to discover what will happen to the main character. Austen uses mystery in her novel as well, but this achieves different objectives. For instance at some point, Henry describes Abbey exaggeratedly to Catherine. Of course she realises that Henry is fooling around. However when she finds a manuscript, she presumes that she can uncover some proof about her suspicions. However, darkness engulfs her and she hears receding footsteps and the closing of a distant door† (Austen, 155). She cannot validate the significance of this piece of paper until morning. When morning comes, she soon appreciates that it was nothing but a laundry list. The passage about the dark room may fill a reader with suspense. Nonetheless, when one discovers the reason behind her fear, one realises that there was no mystery behind it. Jane Austin employs gothic tactics to satirise the genre by showing that all the mystery was created in the mind of the protagonist. Most gothic novels often focus on oppressed individuals. These situations may elevate readers’ perceptions of the main characters after they triumph over their adversaries. Usually, such heroines will scream and act in terror. Sometimes them may cry and faint over an issue. Others may appear overly emotional or too sentimental (Mandal 1999). It is through their sorrow and anger that the readers get to connect with them. In Northanger Abbey, Jane Austen also uses sentimentality as a trait, but only as a mechanism to defy the oppressed-heroine stereotype. In one instance Catherine seems to have lost it all; her potential father in law sends her out of his house. It is almost as if her whole world has been shattered, although John Thorpe was partly to blame for this occurrence. Regardless of these circumstances, the reader does not necessarily think of Catherine as a damsel in distress. Furthermore, things change for the better when Henry pays her a visit in her hometown (ART 2008. General Tinley eventually consents to the marriage, so she ceases to be the oppressed victim. In another scenario, the death of Mrs. Tilney preoccupies Catherine’s mind when she suspects that her husband killed her. However, little proof exists for her to validate this statement. She seems deeply disturbed by these issues, and one may even assume that she is living in a dangerous place. Later on, she realises that there was nothing to these suspicions. â€Å"The absurdity of her curiosity and her fears could they ever be forgotten? She hated herself more than she could express† (Austen 1817, p.183). Austen mocks this aspect of victimisation in gothic literature by dismissing off ‘dangerous situations’ as misguided thoughts or delusions. Conclusion Jane Austen satirises gothic literature by using unconventional characters in her novel. The protagonist is not a damsel in distress, unattractive or even talented, yet one cannot miss these qualities in the gothic genre. Additionally, the villain does not fit conventional gothic depictions because he commits no explicit wicked acts. The author also uses her characters to mock society’s obsession with wealth; an uncommon trait in gothic work. Even the stylistic devices she borrows from the latter genre are designed to dismiss such works as remote from reality. References ART, 2008, ‘Northanger Abbey and Persuasion’, Quarterly Review, vol. 24 no. 3, pp. 48. Austen, J, 1817, Northanger Abbey, John Murray, London. Dentith, S, 2000, Parody, Routledge, London. Gilbert, S Guber, S, 2000, The madwoman in the attic, Yale University Press, New Haven. Glock, W, 1978, Catherine Morland’s gothic delusions: A defence of Northanger Abbey’, Rocky Mountain Review of Language and Literature, vol. 32 no. 1, pp 33-46 Kate, F, 1993, The woman reader, Oxford University Press, Oxford. Levine, G, 1999, Translating the monstrous: Northanger Abbey, McMillan, London. Mandal, A, 1999, The gothic heroine. Web. Monaghan, D, 1981, Jane Austen in a social context, Barnes Noble, Totowa. Rose, M, 1993, Parody: Ancient, modern and post modern, Cambridge University press, Cambridge. Sadlier, M, 1944, Things past, Constable, London. Summers, M, 1964, The Gothic quest, Russell, New York. Todd, J, 1980, Gender and Literary voice, Holmes and Meier, New York. St.Clair, W, 2004, The reading nations in the romantic period, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. Varma, D, 1966, The Gothic flame, Russell, New York.

Performance & reword Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Performance & reword - Essay Example The influences could be positive or negative during this journey, but such influences also affect the future course as well and the spirit with which the team members are working decides the future course of the achievements as well. Ans-2: The contemporary job design theories outline a set of functions, components and tasks depending upon the organization settings, based upon the requirements of the organization and the capabilities of the individual. While the meta-process of finalizing minute details helps the organization in attaining the desired heights, it also helps in the individual by way of improving quality of work experience and greater freedom and flexibility (Dolan and Schuler, 1994). Therefore, positive motivations help in a better experience while negative motivations result in adversely impacting the work culture. Motivation in simplest terms can be defined as a means of providing motives. At times, the lack of any positive motivation by the managers often results in an automatic provisioning of negative motivation. How somebody makes use of his/ her efforts towards a goal is determined by the motivating/ de-motivating factors. It is through their behavior that employees give expression to their commitment to work, level of motivation and their attitudes. The performance appraisal and review process helps the management in motivating the performance levels of deserving candidates while providing an opportunity to the one's lagging behind. Organizational goals and objectives can also be achieved if the workforce is able to work with desired levels of motivation. Buyens and De Vos (2001) contend that, "strategic HRM is the linking of the HR function with strategic goals and objectives of the organization in order to improve business performance and develop organizational cultures that foster innovation and flexibility". It is worth mentioning here that the individual feel motivated when they find that their requisite needs are being fulfilled in the process. The Maslow's hierarchy of needs is an important tool to assess the needs of the people in general. Ans-3: Strategic HR management is supposed to align organizational targets with those of the individual and the teams. Mahy et al (2005) contend that a company designs its HR policies to maximize profits, for which the company makes use of job incentives. Such incentives play key role in influencing the attitude of the worker. Thus the incentives turn into profits for the company. If due attention is paid to the periodic feedbacks from the workers, it goes a long way in shaping the policies of the company and provides it an edge in taking on the competitors. For example, Coca Cola the leading icon in a range of beverage products clearly underlines the importance of synchronizing the career requirements of workers with the company's requirements. It states1, "Our Company, your career, together we grow." Considering its people as its greatest asset, the company comes out with a benefit statement which states2, "The Coca-Cola Company values the health and well-being of our employees and provides a variety of market-competitive benefits programs to address employees' benefits needs." It is indeed worth pointing out that company clearly finds a link between maximizing

Food truck- Entrepreneur Interview and Reflection report Essay

Food truck- Entrepreneur Interview and Reflection report - Essay Example The entire process of learning involved with this module has made me to discover the possibility of effectuation as a suitable tool for advancing on entrepreneurial career, as well as providing important suggestions on how to come up with entrepreneurial skills (Price Institute for Entrepreneurial Studies, 2000). To start with, we are going to have an over view of Tullee’s restaurant which is a Caribbean restaurant located in the northern side of London. It was started in 2008 by Glen Watson who would like to expand the business so as to earn more income. Some of the segmented customers who buy from the restaurant include the local people most of them being working class. Other customers included those who came regularly came for lunch. After careful analysis we realized that most of the restaurant restaurants do not sell Caribbean food and this made us to start serving this food. In order to be competitive, our main focus was on the quality and the prices of food. The business intends to use social media as a way of connecting with the customers. Online orders will also be used where customers can make online orders through their mobile phones. Since the original owner of the restaurant used to have only one supplier, we intend to have several of them so has to increase the supplies. In order to attract new customers, we will provide best offers like price reduction and after sales service to win customer loyalty. For the case of customers who have been loyal, we will use them as referrals who will recommend us to other customers. We will also profile our cost structure appropriately so as to reduce costs as much as possible so as to maximize profits. Most of our valued resources will include: suppliers, employees and customers. According to Baron (2012), learning and reflection is a very important process in life. It

The Use of Force Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The Use of Force - Essay Example The story was simple and straightforward in narrative discourse which proffered the scenario between a doctor, the narrator, and a child, Mathilda Olson, who was being diagnosed for possible affliction of diphtheria. The setting was in the Olson’s house, where the doctor was initially ushered by the mother who eventually led him to the kitchen, where the father was holding the child and was apparently sitting on the father’s lap. The two items being compared in the essay is the doctor (the narrator or the healer) and the child (the person being healed). The current essay aims to provide a comparative analysis using relevant literary elements from the characters, theme, perspectives and points of views evaluated from the short story. The first point of comparison is the physical traits or characteristics of the items being compared. There is initially disparity in gender: the doctor was described as male and the child was female. Although no name was provided for the doc tor, the statements that gave way to his gender was the mother’s statements as she was talking to the child: â€Å"Such a nice man, put in the mother. Look how kind he is to you. Come on, do what he tells you to. He won't hurt you† (Williams, 2012, par. 15). The child’s gender was clearly identified by the doctor in the fourth paragraph when he vividly described her physical traits and characteristics; using adjectives such as: â€Å"her cold, steady eyes, and no expression to her face whatever. She did not move and seemed, inwardly, quiet; an unusually attractive little thing, and as strong as a heifer in appearance. But her face was flushed, she was breathing rapidly, and I realized that she had a high fever. She had magnificent blonde hair† (Williams, 2012, par. 4). Aside from gender as a point of comparison, the stature of the two is also anti-thetical. The doctor, by virtue of his profession, exudes professionalism and expertise on the most appropria te course of action for the situation. This is the reason why he was called by the Olsons in the first place. On the other hand, the child was

The Presidency of F.D. Roosevelt :: American America History

The Presidency of F.D. Roosevelt In the ancient world, the only way a person could become famous through out the world was to be some sort of king, master warlord, or a descendent of a holy entity. Monarchies, that lasted long enough, kept the memories of their former leaders alive, conquered peoples never forgot the names of their conquerors, and religions have a knack for constantly worshiping the same divine prophets. Some remain of the ancient celebrities are still famous to this day, many of them now shrouded in the mists of time and have become slightly warped by literature and business. For example, the charitable St. Nicholas, warped by language translations and commercialism, is now a large gift giving elf by the name of Santa Claus. But in this day and age, where anyone can record anything he or she wants to, will any of the present day lords and prophets shine as brightly through the shroud of mythology and time as the ones of old? In 500 years - providing anyone is still alive to care - a few men and women will stand out against the haze of time and represent the twentieth century. If there is a group, among them will be at least man involved in World War II. Roosevelt, Churchill, Tojo and Hitler -especially Hitler - are all candidates for the group because of their involvements in the bloodiest wars of the twentieth century. In this world,blood is a hard thing to forget about. Which ones, and in what light they'll be remembered in depends entirely on the biases of historians and the abilities of governments to cover up the embarrassing moments blemishing the memories of their leaders. So if the United States is still around and as powerful as now in five centuries - and hopefully it will - F.D Roosevelt will most likely be one of the mist breakers from the second world war because of the American people's great interest in the presidents involved in wars and the governments talent for hiding less than flattering information from the world. Roosevelt's involvement in the great World War II allows him to fit , comfortably, the U.S standard of fighting presidents. Entering the war on the side of the Allies after a sneak attack by Japan on Pearl Harbor, Roosevelt became a kind of vengeful hero, fighting the good fight in the name of justice. In so doing he ended an economic slump by gearing the

Procedures regarding handling medication Essay

10.1 Describe the main points of agreed procedures bout handling medication 10.2 Identify who is responsible for medication in a social care setting. 10.3 Explain why medication must only be handles following specialist training 10.1 Describe the main points of agreed procedures about handling medication In the adult social care setting it is vital that when handling medications are involved, service providers must follow the organisational policies and procedures to the letter, as this is keeping in line with the law. It is important to acknowledge and be aware of your own limitations when it comes to handling medications; this ensures the safety of the service provider, service users and to others. When following the policies and procedures it is necessary to receive the appropriate level of training associated with handling medications this includes: storing, ordering, receiving, administration, the recording and the disposal of medication. It is vital that training is kept up to date on a regular basis in case of any changes in legislation or policies and procedures. It is also vital to only do what you are trained for and deemed competent to do so, working in line with the codes of conduct. In addition if there were any unsafe practices; for example, if a person asks you to distribute medication without training, then it is a must to report those unsafe practices to the manager immediately. Read more: Essay About  Administer Medication to Individuals and Monitor the Effects When dealing with the storage of medications it is vital to ensure that all organisational policies and procedures are followed. All medications should be stored under COSHH Regulations 2002; this is keeping in line with the law. It is important that medications should also be stored according to manufactures instructions in their original boxes and bottles with the tops on correctly, bottles are to be stored upright and clean from stickiness associated with medicines. Medications should be stored correctly in a locked cupboard, trolley or medicine fridge, with only the trained authorised personnel having access to the medications. It is important that trained authorised staff are aware of stock control, as too much medications can result in errors and that they have a used by date. If a service user wanted to self-medicate then they are to be given a locked cupboard or  drawer with their own key. This is only to be done following a risk assessment been completed prior to the agree ment. When dealing with the ordering of medications, all organisational policies and procedures must be followed when ordering them. The care home will have a 28 day cycle, as this helps to reduce the service user not having enough medication. Reordering medications begins on 14th day of the cycle so that time is given between prescriptions been requested and written, the prescription been checked then given to the pharmacist, then dispensed and double checked prior to giving them to the service user. It is also good practice to keep a copy of what has been ordered. Another good practice is to always keep good stock control, this means checking the stock before ordering to prevent over stocking, waste or error. If there is too much stock there is more of a chance that an error can be made because giving out of date medications could be harmful to the service user. When receiving medications, it is vital that it is checked. Medications need to be checked to see that it has the correct service user name on the label and the prescription. It also has to be checked that the quantity, strength and the form (e.g. tablet , medicine or capsule) are the same. The received medication needs to be checked against the prescription to ensure that it is a match. All medications has to be well documented keeping in line with policies and procedures. When the administration of medication is required it is an essential practice to be fully trained to the required level and be fully competent in this area, following all organisational policies and procedures. It is a must to gain the consent of the service user before administering any medication. It may also be necessary to use PPE as appropriate for example using gloves before apply lotions and creams to a service user. Before any medications are administered; it is essential to ensure that the right medications, right quantity, right form are administered to the right person and at the right time of day. It is vital that the trolley and medications are never left unattended, as anyone could come along and take medication from the trolley which could do serious harm to themselves or to others. When dealing with all aspects of handling medication it is essential that everything is recorded following the organisational policies and procedures. In the care setting is essential practice to have a Medication Administration Record (MAR) for each  individual service user which give details of which medicines are prescribed for the service user, when they must be given, what the dose, strength and form is as well as any special information, such as giving the medicines with food. The service provider must have a record of medicines currently prescribed for that person. These should be signed when they are given as individual doses or full packs if the person self-administers. It is also important to keep a record when a prescribed medicine has not been given, e.g. due to the service user’s refusal. The MAR can be a very useful tool for the Service provider to use to keep track of medicines that are not ordered every month but only taken occasionally. The service provider should use the MAR to record medicines carried over onto a new chart. The MAR should also be used to record when non-prescribed medicines are given, for example a paracetamol for a headache. When administering medications it is important to also record the information on to the service user’s personal care plan. When the need to dispose of medications arises it is vital that all policies and procedures are adhered to, as well as the manufactures instructions. Care home providers should keep records of medicines that have been disposed of, or are waiting for disposal. Medicines for disposal should be stored securely in a tamper-proof container within a cupboard until they are collected by an authorised waste management company or taken to the pharmacy for them to dispose of. 10.2 Identify who is responsible for medication in a social care setting. In the adult social care setting there are many people who need to understand their roles and responsibilities of those involved in supporting the use of medication. The most important person is the service user, as it is with their agreement that the service provider can administer their medication. The other people who are involved and are responsible are the service providers who are fully trained to the appropriate level and are competent in their job role to handle and administer medications. The Manager is also responsible for medication and providing the appropriate training for care workers in a social care setting. The Pharmacist also plays apart in the responsibility for medication, as it is their job to provide the correct medication that is been prescribed by the Doctor. 10.3 Explain why medication must be handled following specialist training. All medication must be handled following specialist training as it is in keeping with legislation and organisational policies and procedures. It also ensures that medications are administered correctly and safely to the right individual. By having the specialist training needed, the service providers concerned will know how to order, receive, store, administer, record and dispose of medication correctly. This protects the service users and themselves from any errors being made which could lead to an allergic reaction, if given to the wrong service provider, or an accidental overdose; which could prove fatal. Failing to have specialist training or allowing a person who hasn’t received this training is in breach of the law and could lead to disciplinary action which could lead to legal action.